Canada

Ontario court sanctions lawyer for filing brief with AI-hallucinated case citations

The Superior Court of Justice imposed costs sanctions on a lawyer who submitted a factum containing fabricated case citations generated by an AI legal research tool, noting the increasing frequency of such incidents in Canadian courts.

Canada - Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA) Companion Document

Canada's Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development (ISED) published an updated companion document for the Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA) as part of the Digital Charter Implementation Act, 2022, explaining planned implementation and compliance pathways.

Canada introduces AI transparency amendments to Privacy Act in House of Commons

The Canadian government introduced amendments to the Privacy Act requiring organizations deploying AI systems for automated decision-making to provide explainability notices and impact assessments. The amendments align with emerging international standards for AI transparency.

Data protection regulation in Connected Care for Canadians Act on interoperability of health information technology (No. S-5)

On 4 February 2026, the Connected Care for Canadians Act on interoperability of health information technology was introduced to the Senate. The Bill applies to health information technology vendors that license, sell or supply hardware, software or related services used to create, access or exchange electronic health information. The Bill defines data blocking as any practice or act by a health information technology vendor that prevents, discourages or interferes with access to, use of or ex...

Galang v. Canada (Attorney General)

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the B.C. Supreme Court. Fabricated: Case Law | Original Notice of Civil Claim contained references to non-existent court decisions appearing to be AI-generated; AGC raised the issue and Justice Dion ordered Part 3 struck and that any AI-assisted citations be verified prior to filing; plaintiff removed those references i... Outcome: Brief part struck.

Galang v. Canada (Attorney General)

Fabricated: Case Law | Original Notice of Civil Claim contained references to non-existent court decisions appearing to be AI-generated; AGC raised the issue and Justice Dion ordered Part 3 struck and that any AI-assisted citations be verified prior to filing; plaintiff removed those references in amended pleadings.

Galang v. Canada (Attorney General)

Canada - A Turning Point for AI in 2026?

Canada faces a potential turning point for AI governance in 2026 amid increased regulatory scrutiny and calls for strong AI governance. Michael Geist testified before the Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology on March 23, 2026, urging balanced regulation.

Iyer v Nazir

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the CA Alberta. Fabricated: Case Law | Applicants' reply memorandum relied on several non-existent case authorities; citations tied to real cases but the cited authorities as presented did not exist or were otherwise incorrect; court cautioned such errors can arise from AI assistance. Outcome: Warning.

Iyer v Nazir

Fabricated: Case Law | Applicants' reply memorandum relied on several non-existent case authorities; citations tied to real cases but the cited authorities as presented did not exist or were otherwise incorrect; court cautioned such errors can arise from AI assistance. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Some citations matched real cases but were mischaracterized and irrelevant to the application (different areas of law and different styles of cause), indicating misrepresentation of precedent in the applicants' submissions.

Iyer v Nazir

Research summary: Internet Use and Online Government Services in Canada - Canada.ca

<strong>This document explains how Canadians use online government services and the problems they face</strong>. It also looks at differences between groups of people and points out common barriers in using online government services.

National Indigenous Fisheries Institute v. Canada AG

Lawyer appeared before the Federal Court. Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit of in-house counsel cited this purported FCA decision to support extension of time; Court found the decision does not exist and treated it as AI-generated. Outcome: Adverse Costs Order.

National Indigenous Fisheries Institute v. Canada AG

Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit of in-house counsel cited this purported FCA decision to support extension of time; Court found the decision does not exist and treated it as AI-generated. || Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit cited this Federal Court decision as precedent on extensions of time; Court determined the decision is non-existent and likely AI-generated. || Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit relied on this alleged FCA authority regarding extensions; Court concluded the citation does not correspond to a real case and is a hallucination. || Fabricated: Case Law | Affidavit included this purported Federal Court decision to show discretion to grant extensions; Court found it non-existent and attributable to AI hallucination.

National Indigenous Fisheries Institute v. Canada AG

Salah v. Peel Condominium Corporation

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the ONCAT. Misrepresented: Case Law | Applicant provided a citation that actually belonged to another Tribunal decision (misattributed/fictitious use). Outcome: Warning.

Canada hosts first-ever national summit on AI and culture, announces advisory council

The National Summit on Artificial Intelligence and Culture, presented by the Department of Canadian Heritage in partnership with the Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity, will convene leaders from the cultural sector, government, the technology sector, academia, and civil society to:

Re Reza Khoshnik

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Ontario SCJ (Bankruptcy). Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt quoted and attributed a proposition to Re Fakoori that he later admitted was manufactured by his materials. Outcome: Adverse Costs Order.

Re Reza Khoshnik

Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt quoted and attributed a proposition to Re Fakoori that he later admitted was manufactured by his materials. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt cited Wang v. Wang as if it supported the proposition that bankruptcy courts can routinely decide complex fraud claims during bankruptcy proceedings; court found the cited case unrelated to that proposition. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Bankrupt relied on Simone v. Daley to support that certain breach-of-trust determinations belong within bankruptcy proceedings; the court found the Bankrupt mischaracterized the authority (appeal reversed the relevant finding).

Re Reza Khoshnik

Canada and Norway issue joint statement on sovereign technology and AI

The Honourable Evan Solomon, Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation and Minister responsible for the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario and Karianne Tung, Norwegian Minister for Digitalisation and Public Governance, met on the margins of India AI Action Summit on 19th of February.

Law Society of Alberta v. Tiwana

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Law Society of Alberta Appeal Panel. Fabricated: Case Law | AI-generated hallucinated case cited in appellant's brief; LSA counsel could not locate it and appellant admitted it was a 'placeholder'. Outcome: AI misuse as aggravating factor for awarding costs.

Law Society of Alberta v. Tiwana

Fabricated: Case Law | AI-generated hallucinated case cited in appellant's brief; LSA counsel could not locate it and appellant admitted it was a 'placeholder'. || Misrepresented: Case Law | Repeated oral reliance on a Law Society of BC case that was irrelevant and for which the appellant could not provide style of cause or citation; court noted the reference did not support his propositions.

Law Society of Alberta v. Tiwana

Krivaia v. Hungerford

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the SC British Columbia. Fabricated: Case Law | Earlier iterations of the Plaintiffs' pleadings (NOCC, ANOCC, FANOCC) cited case authorities that did not exist and were characterized as AI‑hallucinated; the fictitious references were removed in the Proposed 2FANOCC. Outcome: No strike for abuse of process.

Krivaia v. Hungerford

Fabricated: Case Law | Earlier iterations of the Plaintiffs' pleadings (NOCC, ANOCC, FANOCC) cited case authorities that did not exist and were characterized as AI‑hallucinated; the fictitious references were removed in the Proposed 2FANOCC.

Krivaia v. Hungerford

Kapahi Real Estate Inc. v. Elite Real Estate Club of Toronto Inc.

Lawyer appeared before the Ontario SCJ. False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 44 of the Reply Factum purports to quote BH Frontier Solutions Inc. v. 11054660 Canada Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. Outcome: Bar Referral.

Siemens v. The Owners, Strata Plan EPS3699

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the CRT. Fabricated: Case Law | Applicant cited a case in support of remedies that the tribunal found did not exist or did not apply; tribunal concluded it was likely AI-generated and rejected reliance on it.

Kapahi Real Estate Inc. v. Elite Real Estate Club of Toronto Inc.

False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 44 of the Reply Factum purports to quote BH Frontier Solutions Inc. v. 11054660 Canada Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 52 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Trustees of the Millwright Regional Council of Ontario Pension Trust Fund v. Celestica Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up (and misattributes authorship). || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 58 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Pita Royale Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 79 of the Reply Factum again purports to quote Trustees of the Millwright Regional Council of Ontario Pension Trust Fund v. Celestica Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up (and misattributes the author). || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 36 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Sattva Capital Corp. v. Creston Moly Corp.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 41 of the Reply Factum purports to quote FNF Enterprises Inc. v. Wag and Train Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up. || False Quotes: Case Law | Paragraph 43 of the Reply Factum purports to quote Pita Royale Inc. v. Buckingham Properties Inc.; the court found the quoted passage does not appear in the decision and is wholly made up.

Siemens v. The Owners, Strata Plan EPS3699

Fabricated: Case Law | Applicant cited a case in support of remedies that the tribunal found did not exist or did not apply; tribunal concluded it was likely AI-generated and rejected reliance on it. || Fabricated: Case Law | Applicant cited a second case purportedly supporting her position; tribunal found it likewise either non-existent or inapplicable and likely produced by AI, and therefore not relied upon.

Kapahi Real Estate Inc. v. Elite Real Estate Club of Toronto Inc.

Siemens v. The Owners, Strata Plan EPS3699

Thabize c. Immobilière montérégienne IMR inc.

Pro Se Litigant appeared before the TAL. Fabricated: Case Law | Tenant cited a purported decision 'Événtail Habitation inc. c. X, 2023 QCTAL 150'; tribunal (citing opposing party's point) found the jurisprudence unlocatable and likely produced by artificial intelligence. Outcome: Further filings barred without prior authorization.

B.C. premier says OpenAI CEO Sam Altman will apologize to Tumbler Ridge, push for stronger regulations

Primary source (cbc.ca) dated 6 March 2026 in CA. See linked source for full text.

Canadian and Australian music rights organizations release statement on AI and copyright

A joint statement from APRA AMCOS and SOCAN on the occasion of Prime Minister Carney’s visit to Australia. SOCAN CEO Jennifer Brown is in Sydney this week attending the CISAC Board of Directors meeting, hosted by APRA AMCOS as part of its centenary year. Today, as Prime Minister Albanese welcomed Prime Minister Carney to the […]

Canada and Japan sign strategic pact on defence, energy and AI

We, the Prime Ministers of Canada and Japan, meet today to deepen the close and enduring partnership between our two countries. We recognise that bilateral relations between Canada and Japan are underpinned by shared values and principles such as respect for democracy and the rule of law, strong political and economic ties, and rich people-to-people and cultural links. We emphasise the importance of further strengthening these ties, focusing notably on our shared commitment to the fundamental values of multilateralism centred on the United Nations (UN), a free and open Indo-Pacific based on th

Thabize c. Immobilière montérégienne IMR inc.

Fabricated: Case Law | Tenant cited a purported decision 'Événtail Habitation inc. c. X, 2023 QCTAL 150'; tribunal (citing opposing party's point) found the jurisprudence unlocatable and likely produced by artificial intelligence.

Thabize c. Immobilière montérégienne IMR inc.

Erin Gray v Attorney General of Canada

Pro Se Litigant used Unidentified in proceedings before the Federal Court. Fabricated: Case Law | One of the Applicant's memorandum citations did not exist; the Court found it to be a fabricated case citation produced by AI and described the jurisprudence as hallucinated.