SG — Country Profile

Singapore

4TOTAL
4OFFICIAL SOURCES
6TOPIC AREAS
Standard / Framework1
Court Case3
AI GovernanceGenerative AIJudicial & Law EnforcementLiability & AccountabilityRisk ManagementTransparency & Explainability
Court Case✓ Official

Tan Hai Peng Micheal and another

Lawyer used Unidentified in proceedings before the High Court. Fabricated: Case Law | Defendants' closing submissions cited a non-existent authority at paragraph 67; the court found the authority fictitious and disregarded it; counsel later admitted the authority was provided by a colleague and could not identify the AI tool used.

Court: High CourtParty: LawyerTool: Unidentified
3 November 2025Judicial & Law EnforcementGenerative AILiability & Accountability
↗ Link available
Court Case✓ Official

Tajudin bin Gulam Rasul and another v Suriaya bte Haja Mohideen

Lawyer used Unidentified in proceedings before the High Court. Fabricated: Case Law | CC cited a non-existent, AI-generated case in the Claimants' Written Submissions (cited at para 49) to support a proposition under the Moneylenders Act; the case was absent from the bundle of authorities and the case name was fabricated while the citation number related to ... Outcome: Costs and order to inform client.

Court: High CourtParty: LawyerTool: Unidentified
Fine: 800 SGD
29 September 2025Judicial & Law EnforcementGenerative AILiability & Accountability
↗ Link available
Court Case✓ Official

XAI v XAH and another matter

Pro Se Litigant used ChatGPT in proceedings before the Family Court. Outdated Advice: Repealed Law | Father makes reference to the provisions of the Women’s Charter that were in force prior to the 2nd of January 2025 Outcome: Order to pay costs; Required written declaration of generative AI use.

Court: Family CourtParty: Pro Se LitigantTool: ChatGPT
Fine: 1000 SGD
3 September 2025Judicial & Law EnforcementGenerative AILiability & Accountability
↗ Link available
Standard / Framework✓ Official

Singapore Model AI Governance Framework (Second Edition)

Singapore's Personal Data Protection Commission and Info-communications Media Development Authority released the second edition of the Model AI Governance Framework, providing detailed and practical guidance for private-sector organisations to responsibly deploy AI at scale. It covers internal governance structures, human oversight in AI decision-making, operations management for AI systems, and stakeholder interaction. The framework translates ethical principles—fairness, transparency, accountability—into concrete, implementable measures that organisations can adopt.

21 January 2020AI GovernanceTransparency & ExplainabilityRisk Management
↗ Link availableFull text